This first published whole genome sequence of a basal hemimetabolous insect. Acyrthosiphon pisum, commonly known as the pea aphid and colloquially known as the green dolphin, pea louse, and clover louse, is a sapsucking insect in the family aphididae. Background the best studied insectsymbiont system is that of aphids and their primary bacterial endosymbiont buchnera aphidicola. The international aphid genomics consortium has selected the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum as the model aphid species it has a genome of four holocentric chromosomes and approximately 525 mb, and its genome sequencing project has recently been funded. This aphid, which is widely used in laboratory studies, attacks legume crops fabaceae and is closely related to important crop pests, including the green peach aphid myzus persicae and the russian wheat aphid diuraphis noxia 7. Proposal to sequence the genome of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum.
Hamiltonella defensa, genome evolution of protective bacterial endosymbiont from pathogenic ancestors. The acyrthosiphon pisum data and its display on ensembl genomes are made possible through a joint effort by the ensembl genomes group and aphidbase. In many insect taxa, wing polymorphism is known to be a consequence of tradeoffs between flight and other lifehistory traits. Aphidbase is a reference information system providing genomic resources for the study of aphids. The virus was isolated from acyrthosiphon pisum hemiptera. Functional validation of the annotated genes of the pea. The refseq genome records for acyrthosiphon pisum were annotated by the ncbi eukaryotic genome annotation pipeline, an automated pipeline that annotates genes, transcripts and proteins on draft and finished genome assemblies. Mitochondrial dna diversity in the pea aphid acyrthosiphon. The genome and its analysis was published in the february issue of plos biology genome sequence of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum by the. International aphid genomics consortium, 2010 genome sequence of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. Acyrthosiphon pisum ensembl genomes 46 ensembl metazoa. Like all aphididae it forms a symbiotic obligate relationship with buchnera aphidicola and in 2010 they became the first insectendosymbiont pair to have the genomes of both partners sequenced. Genome annotation and comparative analyses of the odorantbinding proteins and chemosensory proteins in the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. Authors, international aphid genomics consortium, zhou.
The virus capsid is composed of a major protein of 34 kda and three minor proteins of 23, 24 and 66 kda. Buchnera aphidicola aps acyrthosiphon pisum definition. Genome sequence of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum core. Immunity and other defenses in pea aphids, acyrthosiphon pisum. The international aphid genomics consortium 2010 genome sequence of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. The pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum genome encodes two. Aphids are important agricultural pests and also biological models for studies of insectplant interactions, symbiosis, virus vectoring, and the developmental causes of extreme phenotypic plasticity. Aphididae but is able to infect many other aphid species. Here we present the 464 mb draft genome assembly of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. Acyrthosiphon pisum an overview sciencedirect topics. Genome sequence of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum plos. L artificial diet and the stability of the dsrna in the diet on which pea aphids were feeding was compared to that in the diet on which no aphids were feeding.
This first published whole genome sequence of a basal hemimetabolous insect provides an outgroup to the. The pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum exhibits various morphs with or without wings associated with their complex life cycle including wing polyphenism in viviparous females, genetic wing polymorphism in males, and a monomorphic wingless phenotype in oviparous females and. Functional validation of the annotated genes of the pea aphid is our main motivation in this. Aphids display an abundance of adaptations that are not easily studied in existing model systems. Comparative analysis of the acyrthosiphon pisum genome. Aphids are herbivorous insects characterised by the unique ability to feed exclusively on phloem sap. Analytical pipeline of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum al4 strain genomethis document is a walkthrough of the methods and code used to analyze the chromosomelevel pea aphid genome assembly al4 assembly. Comparative analyses of the odorantbinding proteins in acyrthosiphon pisum. However, acyrthosiphon pisum is a vector of more than 30 virus diseases of fabaceae which can cause serious crop losses. Acyrthosiphon pisum, pea aphid download this page in pdf format can be old brief facts. Go to ncbi genomic blast page for acyrthosiphon pisum.
Dsrna degradation by salivary secretions during feeding by the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. Screening of the entire genome of the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum, detected 15 genes for putative dynamin superfamily proteins selfassembling large gtpases that are involved in the fission. Feb 23, 2010 here we present the genome sequence of the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum. Comparative analysis of the acyrthosiphon pisum genome and. Comparative analysis of detoxification enzymes in acyrthosiphon pisum and myzus persicae. This aphid is globally distributed throughout all temperate regions of the world. The genome and its analysis was published in the february issue of plos biology genome sequence of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum by the international aphid genome consortium. Genome sequence of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. Detection of acyrthosiphon pisum paralogous sequences since global analyses of the a. The newly assembled genome of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum recently released by the international aphid genomics consortium has enabled the identification of mirnas in a hemipteran insect for the first time. The genome of the hemimetabolous pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum, may thus provide novel insight into immunity and defense in more basal, nonholometabolous insects, which have incomplete metamorphisis. The pea aphid genome provides a foundation for postgenomic studies of fundamental biological questions and applied agricultural problems. This aphid, which is widely used in laboratory studies, attacks legume crops fabaceae and is closely related to important crop pests, including the green peach aphid myzus persicae and the russian wheat aphid. Mitochondrial dna diversity in the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum.
Mar 14, 2006 the best studied insectsymbiont system is that of aphids and their primary bacterial endosymbiont buchnera aphidicola. Here we present the genome sequence of the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum. We present here a collection of 40,904 highquality annotated expressed sequence tags ests generated from different organs of the. This report presents statistics on the annotation products, the input data used in the pipeline and intermediate alignment. We then discuss several phenomena that are particularly accessible to study in the pea aphid. In the perspective of the future accessibility of the pea aphid genome sequence, functional analyses tools such as inactivation of gene expression will. We have used a single microarray to examine gene expression in the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum. It has a moderate host range, feeding on many species of among plant families including over 200 species of fabaceae. Largescale gene discovery in the pea aphid acyrthosiphon.
A strong at bias was found, indicating a compositional shift between drosophila melanogaster and a. Gene family evolution in the pea aphid based on chromosome. Apr 01, 2014 the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum has been selected by the aphidologist community to be the reference aphid species to develop genomic resources brisson and stern 2006. Common genome wide patterns of transcript accumulation underlying the wing polyphenism and polymorphism in the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. Acyrthosiphon pisum aphididae, macrosiphini is an economically important parasite of legume crops fabaceae and is considered the model species of aphid. We have used a single microarray to examine gene expression in the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon. Gene knockdown by rnai in the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. Jan 26, 2005 a sexlinked locus controls wing polymorphism in males of the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum harris. Genetic diversity in the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum was investigated by a restriction fragment length polymorphism rflp analysis of three. Bu599 ilvc 09108 metabolism of cofactors and vitamins 00770 pantothenate and coa biosynthesis bu599 ilvc enzymes br. Conclusions we generated a highquality draft of the s. Aphid genome project bcmhgsc baylor college of medicine. Buchnera aphidicola aps is the primary endosymbiotic bacterium of the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum harris, and the bacterial cells are harbored by large, differentiated cells called bacteriocytes in the fat body.
Two developmental switch points for the wing polymorphisms in. The international aphid genomics consortium iagc steering committee in. An in silico profiling analysis characterized 5 transcripts specific to peaaphid tissues. A dualgenome microarray for the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon. A sexlinked locus controls wing polymorphism in males of the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum harris.
This first published whole genome sequence of a basal hemimetabolous insect provides an outgroup to the multiple published genomes of. Common genomewide patterns of transcript accumulation underlying the wing polyphenism and polymorphism in the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. The bcmhgsc would like to thank everyone in the international aphid genome consortium, and others involved in the analysis and annotation of this genome that led to such an amazing set of publications. Ems mutagenesis in the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum g3. Pdf genome sequence of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. National centre for growth and development, department of biochemistry, university of otago. This first published whole genome sequence of a basal hemimetabolous insect provides an outgroup to the multiple published genomes of holometabolous insects. It hosts several reference aphid genomes, including the first aphid genome that was sequenced. The source data for this genome and other resources can be accessed via the aphidbase download pages. The pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum has been established in north america for at least a century and occurs on a broad range of host plants. Second, aphids are unique amongst the arthropods sequenced to date in that they are intimately dependent on both obligate and facultative.
The pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum has been selected by the aphidologist community to be the reference aphid species to develop genomic resources brisson and stern 2006. Mar 10, 2006 aphids are the leading pests in agricultural crops. We have used a single microarray to examine gene expression in the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum, and its resident buchnera. Selection following gene duplication shapes recent genome. We have used a single microarray to examine gene expression in the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum, and its. Buchnera inhabits specialized host cells called bacteriocytes, provides nutrients to the aphid and has cospeciated with its aphid hosts for the past 150 million years. Dsrna degradation in the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. It feeds on several species of legumes plant family fabaceae worldwide, including forage crops, such as pea, clover, alfalfa, and broad bean, 4 and ranks.
Analytical pipeline of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. It feeds on several species of legumes plant family fabaceae worldwide, including forage crops, such as pea, clover, alfalfa, and broad bean, and ranks among the aphid species of major agronomical importance. Acyrthosiphon pisum virus particles are icosahedral and 31 nm in diameter. Evolution of developmental control mechanisms the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum genome encodes two divergent early developmental programs elizabeth j. Nov 23, 2019 acyrthosiphon pisum aphididae, macrosiphini is an economically important parasite of legume crops fabaceae and is considered the model species of aphid. Bioinformatic prediction, deep sequencing of micrornas and. Low genetic diversity among pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. Genome sequence of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum by. An example is the genome of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum for which the current assembly is composed of thousands of short scaffolds, many of which are known to be misassembled.
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